INNOVATIONS, SUCCESSES AND CHALLENGES IN SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY AND MATHEMATICS TEACHING AND TEACHER EDUCATION IN NIGERIA
Science, Technology and Mathematics (STM) have, over the years, become universal buzzword commonly and increasingly used to refer to the three sister disciplines that have propound effects on human civilization. An understanding of these disciplines by all citizens is very vital and crucial in the 21st century and must be part of everyone’s basic education to enable him live successfully and control the environment. Thus it is impossible for a civilization to survive without the education of its youths in STM.
INNOVATIONS, SUCCESSES AND CHALLENGES IN SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY AND MATHEMATICS (STM) TEACHING AND TEACHER EDUCATION IN NIGERIA
The importance of teaching Science, Technology and Mathematics (STM) in a developing country like Nigeria cannot be over emphasized. Recognizing this fact, the Federal Government of Nigeria (FRN, 2008) has among the objectives of Basic Education, the laying of sound basis for scientific and reflective thinking in children. The policy further states that STM will continue to be taught in an integrated manner in schools, as a way of promoting in children, the appreciation of the practical application of basic science. The main thrust of the policy therefore, is on the inculcation of the values of science and technology in the lives of Nigerian children. There is no doubt that, the world of science teaching must differ in emphasis, purpose and in many kind from that of pre-ICT (Information Communication Technology) era. For sure the emerging scientific revolution in ICT together with the trend toward globalization demands a programme in Science, Technology and Mathematics with new focus (Wasagu, 2015). It may not be debatable to say that now is the time to evaluate and redefine the purpose of Science, Technology and Mathematics (STM) teaching in our schools with the aim of enhancing creativity.
PRESENT ECONOMY, COVID – 19 PANDEMIC AND THE ALTERNATIVES IN ISLAMIC BANKING AND FINANCE
Abstract
Poverty in Nigeria has considerably risen in Nigeria for a number of reasons and for a number of years. The Nigerians need financial outlet in form of simple loans but the vulnerability of microfinance banks and difficulties encountered with the major commercial banks constitute serious impediment. The Islamic banking and finance as a new business phenomenon need to be understood, applied and utilized, especially in a post CoVid-19 era. The CoVid-19 pandemic has opened a new chapter in human life, which need to be understood and utilized. The information expressed, conveys the viability, profitability, measured riskiness and comfortable process of utilizing the instruments.
INFLUENCE OF GENDER STEREOTYPING ON ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT AMONG BIOLOGY SYUDENTS IN ANAMBRA STATE
Abstract
The research is an investigation of the influence of gender stereotyping academic achievement in biology among students in Anambra State. The study was carried out in 2 out of the 6 education zones in the state namely: Nnewi and Onitsha, The population of the study was 17,550 SSII students in the 80 public schools in the 2 zones. Sample comprised 300 males and 300 females. The selection was by simple random sampling, equal number of students were selected from each school. Hence, 50 males and 50 females selected from each school. Five research question and one null hypothesis guided the study. The design for the study was survey. Instrument for data collection is a questionnaire with 40 items of 4 point Likert type. The instrument was validated by 2 experienced lecturers and the reliability was established using Cronbach Alpha. A reliability co-efficient of 0.81 was obtained. Data was analyzed using mean and standard deviation while the null hypothesis was tested using t-test. Findings show that gender stereotyping in biology has negative influence on students’ achievement. Based on the findings, it is recommended that teachers should employ less gender sensitive approach in their teaching and parents should take responsibility of educating their children.
ICT INNOVATIVE SKILLS AND TEACHER’S COMPETITIVENESS AMONG BASIC TECHNOLOGY TEACHERS IN KANO STATE, NIGERIA
Abstract
The study focused on ICT innovational skills and teacher’s competitiveness in teaching basic technology in Kano state. The study adopted a descriptive survey design that used a 10 item structured questionnaire for data collection. The population of the study was 117 Basic Technology Teachers. 88 of the teachers were selected through stratified random sampling technique. The z- test statistic using the SPSS package was used to testing the hypothesis at 0.05 level of significance. The study found that Basic Technology teachers in Kano State needs ICT innovational skills in all major technical skills areas. Their background in those ICT skill areas are either obsolete or defective. Based on the findings, the paper recommends that emphasis should be placed on the development of ICT innovational skills by providing the needed resources, condition and enabling environment for effective teaching of Basic Technology in Kano State.
INVESTIGATION OF RESPONSE OF AMARANTHS (Amaranthus hybridus) VARIETIES TO DIFFERENT RATES OF COCONUT MILK FOLIAR APPLICATION
Abstract
The effect of coconut milk on the development of vegetable amaranths was tested at the college farm of the Federal College of Education (Technical), Bichi, during dry seasons. The research was aimed at harnessing the potentials of the coconut milk as a constituent of some phytohormones, such as; zeatin and cytokinin, required in identifying responsive growth rates and productivity of the vegetable amaranths. The treatments consisted of two varieties of amaranths (Improved and local), with five rates of coconut milk (0, 15, 30, 45 and 60%). These were factorially combined and laid out in a randomized complete block design with ten treatment combinations. This was replicated three times. Data was collected on the plant height, number of leaves per plant, number of branches per plant, total fresh weight, total dry matter and marketable yield. The data were subjected to analysis of variance. Significantly, different means were ranked using Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT). Results of the study showed that Coconut milk had significant influence on all the characters tested with 15% foliar application producing plants with more desirable traits. Similarly, the improved variety always surpassed the local variety in vegetable output and other desirable traits. In view of this therefore, the potentials of coconut milk application of 15% in amaranths for improved productivity. More research is thus advocated in more leafy vegetables with a view to optimize the usefulness of this important commodity in crop production.
A SURVEY OF GENDA DIFFERENCES IN PRIMARY SCHOOL PUPILS’ PERFORMANCE IN BASIC SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
Abstract
The research was conducted at Demonstration Staff Primary School Federal College of Education (Technical) Bichi to explore the effect of gender differences in Basic Science examination mark scores among pupils in Primary 4. The study employs an ex-post factor research design. The population of the study involved all the primary 4 pupils in Bichi Education Zone. 52 pupils (30 male and 22 female) were randomly selected and their end of term examination result in Basic Science were used for the study. The result showed that there was significant difference in the academic performance of male and female pupils in Basic Science and Technology Concepts. It is recommended that the curricula should be equipped with teaching material and training policies that avoid gender stereo-typing.
EFFECT OF THREE TEACHING TECHNIQUES ON ACADEMIC ACHIVEMENT, INTEREST AND RETENTION IN RADIO AND TELEVISION TRADE AMONG STUDENTS OF TECHNICAL COLLEGES IN KOGI STATE
Abstract
The study investigated the effect of three teaching techniques (modeling, coaching and scaffolding) on students’ achievement, interest and retention in Radio and Television in Technical Colleges in Kogi state. Three research questions were posed and answered. The study was conducted using quasi-experimental research design. The population for the study comprised all 106 second year students offering Radio and Television trade in the Three Technical Colleges in Kogi State. Two sets of instruments were used for data collection. These include Radio and Television Achievement test (RTVAT) and Radio and Television Interest Inventory (RTVII). The RTVAS has been validated by test developer in Radio and Television with National Business and Technical Examination Board while the interest inventory instrument was face validated by experts. Cronbach Alpha reliability technique was used for obtaining the internal consistency of the Radio and Television Interest Inventory (RTVII) instrument with a coefficient of 0.80. The items of the RTVAT were re-arranged in such a way that item one in the pre-test was not item number one in the post-test instrument. After two weeks of the post-test, retention test was carried out without giving the students prior information using the post-test questions. The data collected were analyzed using mean. The findings of the study showed that, all the three teaching techniques (modeling, coaching and scaffolding) indicated increase in academic achievement, interest and retention of learning of the students but the group taught with coaching technique had the highest performance. Based on the findings, the study therefore recommends among others that more attention should be given to adoption of modern and interactive teaching techniques in Nigerian schools and colleges.
TEACHING SCIENCE TO STUDENTS LEARNING ENGLISH AS A SECOND LANGUAGE (ESL): THE ROLE OF SCIENCE TEACHERS IN ENGLISH LANGUAGE TEACHING
Abstract
There is no denying that science is an important subject that can be taught to children. It helps them develop scientific skills and attitude early in life. However, one of the problems confronting effective teaching of science is learning the language of science. It holds that teachers of science usually find it difficult to teach science effectively due to language barrier. This is not only due to the presence of first language but also due to the status of the English language as a second language. Science teachers jettison learning and use English at the detriment of their students. The paper thus explains the role of science teachers in ensuring effective use of language by themselves and inculcating same in the students. This, it is believed, will help to enhance efficient teaching of science. It is recommended that teachers of science acquire basic English; spellings, grammar, registers, pronunciations, etc. to strengthen their performance thereby helping the students.
INNOVATIVE STRATEGIES FOR EFFECTIVE TEACHING OF SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL BIOLOGY
Abstract
This paper examined innovative strategies that could be employed to make the teaching of senior secondary school biology effective. The strategies include, using variety of instructional methods, active participation of students, development of science process skills, integrating theories with regular practicals, making use of local environment, involving students in improvisation and preparation of specimens, enhancing ICT skills and good preparation by the teacher. The importance of innovations in teaching biology are also stated. It was concluded that adoption of these strategies may address the problem of incompetency and develop individuals capable of solving life problems that could contribute to the nation development as well as global progress.
IMPROVING PRACTICAL PHYSICS COMPONENTS FOR TRAINEE TEACHERS IN COLLEGES OF EDUCATION IN NIGERIA
Abstract
Innovation, a catalyst to development, is tightly coupled to change, and is a key policy and strategic issue. Practical activities and classroom teaching of Physics concepts play complementary roles in effective teaching and meaningful learning. The level of practical activities in physics as contained in the National Commission for Colleges of Education (NCCE) minimum standard for Colleges of Education in Nigeria is grossly inadequate. Less than 20 percent of concepts of physics are being practically demonstrated. This is an impediment towards effective teaching and meaningful learning, and hence quality of physics education in Nigeria. There is therefore a great need for Physics Curriculum to be strengthened by increasing the number of practical courses students of Physics in NCE are exposed to while in training, for greater and deeper understanding of laws, principles and concepts of physics and its applicability. This will, no doubt, be a step in the right direction towards improving the quality of teachers and Physics education in Colleges of Education in the nation. Towards this end, number of practical courses offered by NCE physics students should be increased and functional modern laboratories, adequately stocked with contemporary equipment/apparatus should be made available in all the Colleges of Education in Nigeria.
PRACTICAL APPROACH IN THE TEACHING OF PHYSICS COMPONENT OF THE BASIC SCIENCE COURSE: PANACEA FOR MOTIVATING STUDENTS’ INTEREST IN PHYSICS
Abstract
Despite the fact that physics is the bedrock of development in science and technology, there still exists low enrolment and poor performance among students in physics as a result of lack of practical approach to basic physics concept. This paper identified practical approaches in teaching machines and friction in Basic science. This is because aspects of Physics taught at the basic level were taught using lecture method rather than by practical approach. Hence learners develop negative attitude to the subject and do not opt for Physics at the senior secondary level. It concluded that better performance in Basic Science could enhance same in Physics and other related fields if practical approach is adopted. Also students’ participation during lesson would be enhanced and physics teachers should be resourceful.
Keyword: practical approached, motivational enrolment, performance etc.
SUSTAINING TECHNICAL AND VOCATIONAL EDUCATION AND TRAINING (TVET) AS FUNDAMENTALS FOR SUSTAINBLE NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT IN NIGERIA
Abstract
The social, economic and environmental objectives of Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) are in tandem with the provisions of effective Technical and Vocational Educational and Training (TVET) programmes. This makes the TVET programmes fundamental towards achieving national development goals and its sustenance in Nigeria. The impact of TVET is in every home in the globe because we can see, feel and touch the effect of technology in all the nooks and crannies of our environment. The present global discourse is on sustainability as man continues to conquer the environment to suit his dynamic needs. The paper appraised educational systems of both developed and developing countries indicating the integration of TVET in their dual systems, which could be learnt by Nigeria. Strategies that could facilitates the sustenance of TVET programmes in the country such as, creating harmony among stakeholders, integration of the formal and informal TVET programmes and entrepreneurial education were suggested among others. The paper further suggests that TVET goals should be integrated and domesticated to conquer our natural environment in harmony with our dynamic needs.
FOSTERING THE UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENTIFIC CONCEPTS USING INDIGENOUS INSTRUCTIONAL STRATEGIES
Abstract
This paper reviewed how the teaching and learning of scientific concepts can be enhanced through indigenous learning strategies. The paper cited some scientific concepts such as motion, elasticity and fermentation and suggested materials and strategy that could be used to teach them. The paper concluded that indigenous learning strategies help students to overcome learning challenges in the science classroom. It is recommended that teachers should adopt indigenous instructional strategies to enhance teaching scientific concepts.
ICT AS AN INNOVATIONAL CATALYST FOR TEACHING METALWORK TECHNOLOGY
Abstract
Enhancing the quality of education through the diversification of contents, methods and promoting experimentation, innovation, dissemination, sharing of information and best practices as well as policy dialogue are strategic objective in education. The objectives of the review are to determine the role of ICT in teaching metalwork technology and to suggest modern approach such as Blended Learning model in teaching the subject. The review also examined the urgent need for a modern school workshop that comprises Computer-Aided Instruction (CAI), Computer-Aided Design (CAD), and Computer-Aided Manufacturing (CAM) that should enhanced teaching and learning process in metalwork technology. Consequently, the paper outlined some of the challenges facing metalwork teacher. It was recommended that training and re-training of technical teachers should be encourage by the colleges, particularly in ICT and Blended Learning as well as interactive teaching methods, networks and the sharing of best practices among the academic staff.
ENHANCING THE TEACHING AND LEARNING PHYSICS CONCEPTS FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN NIGERIA
Abstract
This paper focused on the teaching and learning of physics concepts in physics in Nigeria secondary schools with respect to the indispensability of energy for sustainable development. It reviewed the problems militating against successful teaching and learning of this subject in our schools and highlighted some of the uses especially in the modern day technology including the refrigerator and the advancements made in Information, Communication Technology. Some of the problems militating against the teaching of physics in our schools include inadequate and ill-equipped laboratories and lack of well trained teachers as well as insecurity and corruption in the education sector. It is suggested that environmental education, training of teachers and provision of well-equipped laboratories with adequate security conditions in the laboratories, school compound should be given the necessary attention.
REPOSITIONING TECHNICAL AND VOCATIONAL EDUCATION (TVE) FOR NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT
Abstract
Technical and Vocational Education has been accepted as a sure means of solving the unemployment problem in Nigeria and thus set her on the part of true economic growth. This paper reviews the concepts of vocational and technical education and identified the major problems facing the realization of its full potentials which include ignorance, limited access to VTE and insufficient teachers. The training and retraining of teachers in this area as well as providing them with all the necessary tools will guarantee the unlocking of VTE potentials in Nigeria. It is recommended that government should establish technical and vocational training centres in all local government areas to ease the problem of accessibility and so quicken the urgent need to get people self-employed. .
BENEFITS AND CHALLENGES OF INTEGRATING INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY (ICT) INTO TEACHING AND LEARNING TECHNICAL AND VOCATIONAL EDUCATION IN NIGERIA
Abstract
The age of digital technology has completely changed our life. Education system around the world are under increasing pressure to use the new Information and Communication Technologies ICT to teach students the knowledge and skills they need in the 21st century. This paper therefore, dwelt on the meaning of ICT, benefits of ICT in teaching and learning which include support conventional classroom work among others and challenges of ICT which include limited technology infrastructure, technophobia, etc. The paper suggests provision of adequate infrastructure, provision of alternative source of electricity and trained manpower.etc.
